Difference between Functional Testing and Unit Testing

Functional Testing

• to ensure that the application’s overall functionality meets the business requirements.
• only concerned about the ‘user perspective’. It checks for accessibility, usability, and good application experience.

Types of Functional Testing:

• Unit Testing
• Sanity Testing
• Smoke Testing
• Utility Testing
• Integration Testing
• Regression Testing

How to create a functional test case?

• the business requirement document and familiarize themselves with the application.
• Form a test plan for the functionality to be tested.
• Select the right tool for the required type of functional Testing.
• Compare the actual results to the expected results. It reveals if the test has passed or failed.

Functional Test Case Examples

To compare the difference between unit testing and functional testing, let’s check the order history of an e-commerce application.

• Test Case 1: Log in to the application
• Step 1: Use ‘Username’ and ‘Password’ to login.
• Step 2: On successful login, the user should see the dashboard.
• Step 3: The dashboard should display Products in the web page’s body. The ‘My Account’ button should be in the top right corner. Next to ‘My Account’, there should be a’ Logout’ button.
• Test Case 2: Navigating to the ‘Order History Page’
• Step 1: On clicking ‘My Account’, the user should see ‘Order History, ‘Shipping address’, and ‘Wish list’.
• Step 2: On clicking ‘Order History’, the user should see the list of past orders and the order number and tracking details.
• Test Case 3: Display of Order History
• Step 1: On clicking the specific order, the user should see the order date, product details, amount paid and shipping address of the specific order.
• Step 2: The user should be able to go back to the previous order history page
• Step 3: The user should be able to see canceled orders too.
• Test Case 4: Navigating out of Order History Page
• Step 1: User should be able to go to ‘Home’ page by clicking the ‘Home’ button on the top of the page.
• Step 2: The user should be able to log out by clicking on the ‘Logout’ button on the top right corner of the screen.

Unit Testing

• to ensure that the element works as expected.